The first type of discrepancies involve changing the meaning of the nouns.
- Surah 1:4 is from that particular chapter that Muslims read daily in prayers, about 17 times a day. On the left side, Hafs has “maalik” (meaning “owner”). On the right Warsh has “malik” (meaning “king”). There is a big difference between an owner and a king.
- “a bird” vs. “flying”
- “means of support” vs. “valuable”
- “the peace” vs. “greeting”
- “good tidings” vs. “proclaimation”
- “indeed a magician” vs. “indeed magic”
- “keeper” vs. “preservation”
- “two kinds of magic” vs. “two magicians”
- “big” vs. “many”
These are completely different words just by changing the vowels or in some cases the dots.
The second type of discrepancies involve changing nouns from singular to plural.
- Surah 2:184 could either read “a poor person” or “poor people”. This has significance on the practice of what you do during the fast. Do you give money for just one person of for many people? In the Arabic, plural means a minimum of three or more and in a religion of works, you accumulate deeds and this is in the context of fasting. And if you could not fast you can substitute for that by feeding one person (according to Hafs) or at least three people (according to Warsh).
- “his one message” vs. “his several messages”
- “one word” vs. “several words”
- “by my several messsages” vs. “by my one message”
- “several unbelievers” vs. “one unbeliever”
- “wind” vs. “winds” (plural)
- “one bed” vs. “several beds”
- “his several books” vs. “his one book”
The third type of discrepancies involve change in meanings from a noun to a preposition or a verb.
- “he made” vs. “maker”
- “slaves” vs. “with”
The fourth type of discrepancies involve changing meaning to a different verb.
- “they deceived” vs. “they tried to deceive”
- “they lied” vs “they disbelieved”
- “he enjoined” vs. “he commanded”
- “we raise it up” vs. “we resurrect it”
- “he fought” vs. “he was killed”
- “they disbelieved you” vs. “they lied to you”
The fifth type of discrepancies involve changing a verb from active to passive.
- “we will forgive” vs. “we will be forgiven”
- “he fought” vs. “he was killed”
- “are led astray” vs. “he leads astray”
- “we accept” vs. “it is accepted”
- “we overlook” vs. “it is overlooked”
- “it is seen” vs. “you see”
- “they are killed” vs. “they fight”
The sixth type of discrepancies involve changing from second person to third person.
- “he sees” vs. “you see”
- “you think” vs. “he thinks”
- “he saved us” vs. “you saved us”
- “he considers” vs. “you consider”
- “he is” vs. “you are”
- “he deviates” vs. “you deviate”
The seventh type of discrepancies involve changing from first person plural to first person singular OR second person singular to third person singular.
- “he will pay them” vs. “we will pay them”
- “I gave you” vs. “we gave you”
The rest are in the list above.
There are several other types of discrepancies in the video that are not summarized here.